Wednesday, March 6, 2019

Let's tell the truth about gasoline engine cars for history

Medialibraryinfo@gmail.com +1-313-651-5349 Media Library Text 313-777-3031

 This is in remembrance of the historical records that have been broken buy gas guzzling cars
But why tell the story of course we've told it before and there's other videos below proven that other people have done even the patents we've put into this paper. So what is the purpose the purpose is too runny generator using this technology they don't want you to know. So let me show you a video of it working with a generator come and then watch the other proof that these things do work but what happened years is time to improve your situation like this


Now let's look at more proof that this technology does exist





See this link to see the full story below
https://electrek.co/2019/03/04/electric-gt-piech-mark-zero-mysterious-battery/amp/

All-electric GT unveiled with over 300 miles of range and 5-min charging enabled by mysterious battery

Fred Lambert 
Piëch Zero electric GT 3 5-min charging
Piëch Automotive, a new electric car startup launched by Toni Piëch, a descendant of Volkswagen’s Ferdinand Piëch, is unveiling this week an all-electric GT with over 300 miles of range and 5-minute charging enabled by some mysterious new battery cells.he Piëch Mark Zero is going to be unveiled in full at the Geneva Motor Show tomorrow, but the company has released a bunch of images and specs ahead of the show today.
Piëch said about the vehicle:
 “We have developed a sports car that we ourselves would like to buy, and we talked for a long time to many enthusiasts about what was missing on the market. We want to offer a modern classic that isn’t subject to consumer cycles. The driver of this sports car should enjoy any minute they can spend in the car.”
The company claims to have built the vehicle platform with a “flexible and open vehicle architecture” to allow a variety of drive systems, “like electric drive, hybrid, fuel cell or internal combustion engine.”
Yet, they are releasing the specs for an all-electric version based on some mysterious battery cells that enable a “range of 500 km (311 mi) according to WLTP cycle” and a “sensationally short charging time of only 4:40 minutes to 80% battery capacity.”
Piëch didn’t release any details about how the battery cells achieve those kinds of performance beyond claiming that the cells don’t heat up:
“The special type of cell hardly heats up during charging or discharging phases. Significantly higher currents can flow as the cell temperature rises only marginally.”
The company says that the cells don’t require active cooling, which enables the lower the weight of the battery pack. This keeps the total vehicle weight under 1,800 kg (4,000 lbs), which is still fairly heavy for a vehicle of that size.
As for the powertrain, Piëch says that the vehicle is equipped with 3 electric motors: the front axle, an asynchronous motor delivers 150 kW, while at the rear axle, two synchronous motors produce 150 kW each.
They claim that it results in accelerating from 0 to 100 km/h (62 mph) in 3.2 seconds and a top speed of 250 km/h (155 mph).
Here are a few more images of the Piëch Mark Zero released today:

Let's look at the patents



Download the PDF files reference material


https://www.apparentlyapparel.com/news/200mpg-carburetor-conversion-pdf


https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://www.lausd.net/math/InstructionalGuides/Lessons/GAUGING_GAS_MILEAGE.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwjv8uO5mO_gAhUL0oMKHU03ApAQFjABegQIAhAB&usg=AOvVaw0Ydz6MUyyOULBxN1o8ZdvZ



at No comments:

Sunday, March 3, 2019

Making a aluminum-air battery, very close to a fuel cell

Medialibraryinfo@gmail.com +1-313-651-5349 Media Library Text 313-777-3031

What does the story of hayne story have to do with aluminum air batteries

Not many people have heard of this inventor THE HARLO MAYNE STORY - Mind Blowing DOCUFEATURE about a Jamaican Inventor but you can follow the link below to hear it for yourself remember this is related to the subject you are about to encounter remember signs and symbols for the conscious mind so pay attention to everything that's said and what you can read.

https://youtu.be/pW0Fgr_AbeY





Wikipedia

Aluminium–air battery

"Aluminium battery" redirects here. For the rechargeable battery, see aluminium-ion battery.
Aluminium–air batteries (Al–air batteries) produce electricity from the reaction of oxygen in the air with aluminium. They have one of the highest energy densities of all batteries, but they are not widely used because of problems with high anode cost and byproduct removal when using traditional electrolytes. This has restricted their use to mainly military applications. However, an electric vehicle with aluminium batteries has the potential for up to eight times the range of a lithium-ion battery with a significantly lower total weight.[1]
Aluminium–air battery
Specific energy1300 (practical), 6000/8000 (theoretical) W·h/kg[1]
Energy densityN/A
Specific power200 W/kg
Nominal cell voltage1.2 V
Aluminium–air batteries are primary cells, i.e., non-rechargeable. Once the aluminium anode is consumed by its reaction with atmospheric oxygen at a cathode immersed in a water-based electrolyte to form hydrated aluminium oxide, the battery will no longer produce electricity. However, it is possible to mechanically recharge the battery with new aluminium anodes made from recycling the hydrated aluminium oxide. Such recycling would be essential if aluminium–air batteries are to be widely adopted.
Aluminium-powered vehicles have been under discussion for some decades.[2]Hybridisation mitigates the costs, and in 1989 road tests of a hybridised aluminium–air/lead–acid battery in an electric vehicle were reported.[3] An aluminium-powered plug-in hybrid minivan was demonstrated in Ontario in 1990.[4]
In March 2013, Phinergy[5] released a video demonstration of an electric car using aluminium–air cells driven 330 km using a special cathode and potassium hydroxide.[6] On May 27, 2013, the Israeli channel 10 evening news broadcast showed a car with Phinergy battery in the back, claiming 2,000 kilometres (1,200 mi) range before replacement of the aluminum anodes is necessary.[7]

Contents

ElectrochemistryEdit

The anode oxidation half-reaction is Al + 3OH−
 → Al(OH)
3 + 3e− +2.31 V.
The cathode reduction half-reaction is O
2 + 2H
2O + 4e− → 4OH−
 +0.40 V.
The total reaction is 4Al + 3O
2 + 6H
2O → 4Al(OH)
3 + 2.71 V.
About 1.2 volts potential difference is created by these reactions and is achievable in practice when potassium hydroxide is used as the electrolyte. Saltwater electrolyte achieves approximately 0.7 volts per cell.

CommercializationEdit

IssuesEdit

Aluminium as a "fuel" for vehicles has been studied by Yang and Knickle.[1] They concluded:
The Al/air battery system can generate enough energy and power for driving ranges and acceleration similar to gasoline powered cars...the cost of aluminium as an anode can be as low as US$ 1.1/kg as long as the reaction product is recycled. The total fuel efficiency during the cycle process in Al/air electric vehicles (EVs) can be 15% (present stage) or 20% (projected), comparable to that of internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEs) (13%). The design battery energy density is 1300 Wh/kg (present) or 2000 Wh/kg (projected). The cost of battery system chosen to evaluate is US$ 30/kW (present) or US$ 29/kW (projected). Al/air EVs life-cycle analysis was conducted and compared to lead/acid and nickel metal hydride (NiMH) EVs. Only the Al/air EVs can be projected to have a travel range comparable to ICEs. From this analysis, Al/air EVs are the most promising candidates compared to ICEs in terms of travel range, purchase price, fuel cost, and life-cycle cost.
Technical problems remain to be solved to make Al–air batteries suitable for electric vehicles. Anodes made of pure aluminium are corroded by the electrolyte, so the aluminium is usually alloyed with tin or other elements. The hydrated alumina that is created by the cell reaction forms a gel-like substance at the anode and reduces the electricity output. This is an issue being addressed in the development work on Al–air cells. For example, additives that form the alumina as a powder rather than a gel have been developed.
Modern air cathodes consist of a reactive layer of carbon with a nickel-grid current collector, a catalyst (e.g., cobalt), and a porous hydrophobic PTFE film that prevents electrolyte leakage. The oxygen in the air passes through the PTFE then reacts with the water to create hydroxide ions. These cathodes work well but they can be expensive.
Traditional Al–air batteries had a limited shelf life[8] because the aluminium reacted with the electrolyte and produced hydrogen when the battery was not in use–although this is no longer the case with modern designs. The problem can be avoided by storing the electrolyte in a tank outside the battery and transferring it to the battery when it is required for use.
These batteries can be used, for example, as reserve batteries in telephone exchanges and as backup power sources. Al–air batteries could be used to power laptop computers and cell phones and are being developed for such use.[citation needed]

Aluminium-based batteriesEdit

Different types of aluminium batteries have been investigated:
  • Aluminium–chlorine battery was patented by United States Air Force in the 1970s and designed mostly for military applications. They use aluminium anodes and chlorine on graphite substrate cathodes. Required elevated temperatures to be operational.
  • Aluminium–sulfur battery worked on by American researchers with great claims, although it seems that they are still far from mass production. Rechargeable aluminium–sulfur battery was first demonstrated at University of Maryland in 2016.[9]
  • Al–Fe–O, Al–Cu–O and Al–Fe–OH batteries were proposed by some researchers for military hybrid vehicles. Corresponding practical energy densities claimed are 455, 440, and 380 Wh/kg[10]
  • Al–MnO manganese-dioxide battery using acidic electrolyte. Produces a high voltage of 1.9 volts. Another variation uses a base (potassium hydroxide) as the anolyte and sulfuric acid as the catholyte. The two parts being separated by a slightly permeable film to avoid mixing of the electrolyte in both half cells. This configuration gives a high voltage of 2.6–2.85 volts.
  • Al–glass system. As reported in an Italian patent by Baiocchi,[11] in the interface between common silica glass and aluminium foil (no other components are required) at a temperature near the melting point of the metal, an electric voltage is generated with an electric current passing through when the system is closed onto a resistive load. The phenomenon was first observed by Baiocchi, and after Dell'Era et Al.[12] began the study and the characterization of this electrochemical system.

See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ a b c Yang, S. (2002). "Design and analysis of aluminum/air battery system for electric vehicles". Journal of Power Sources. 112: 162–201. Bibcode:2002JPS...112..162Y. doi:10.1016/S0378-7753(02)00370-1.
  2. ^ "The Aluminum-Air Battery". Papers.sae.org. Retrieved 2014-04-28.
  3. ^ "Demonstration of Aluminum-Air Fuel Cells in a Road Vehicle". Papers.sae.org. Retrieved 2014-04-28.
  4. ^ Plug-in highway Archived 2013-10-29 at the Wayback Machine.
  5. ^ "Phinergy, Home". Phinergy.com. Retrieved 2014-04-29.
  6. ^ Phinergy corporate video on YouTube
  7. ^ Edelstein, Stephen. "Aluminum-Air Battery Developer Phinergy Partners With Alcoa". Greencarreports.com. Retrieved 2014-04-28.
  8. ^ Aluminium/air batteries Archived January 3, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  9. ^ Gao, Tao (2016). "A Rechargeable Al/S Battery with an Ionic-Liquid Electrolyte". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 55 (34): 9898–9901. doi:10.1002/anie.201603531. PMID 27417442.
  10. ^ "Combat Hybrid Power System Component Technologies: Technical Challenges and Research Priorities". Books.nap.edu. Retrieved 2014-04-28.
  11. ^ L. Baiocchi Italian Patent Application RM2005A000175 (2005).
  12. ^ Dell'Era, A.; Pasquali, M.; Curulli, A.; Zane, D. (2013). "Electrochemical characterization of glass/Al reactions at high temperature". Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids. 370: 37–43. Bibcode:2013JNCS..370...37D. doi:10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2013.03.033.

External linksEdit








at No comments:
Subscribe to: Posts (Atom)